IJMAK DALAM PANDANGAN FAKHR AL-DĪN AL-RĀZĪ
Abstrak
Fakr al-DÄ«n al-RÄzi was one of the pioneers of the science of Usul al-Fiqh. He composed a book that became a masterpiece, namely Al-Maḥṣūl fi 'Ilm al-Uṣūl. The researcher wants to explore one of the chapters in the book, which is about ijmak or which today is defined as the consensus of mujtahids throughout the world and occupies the third position in the hierarchy of sources of Islamic law. However, in fact ijmak is not widely used by scholars as a proof. This study aims to explore al-RÄzi's thoughts on ijmak and explore artifacts of ijmak which have been scattered in its historical development. With the aim of finding the true definition of consensus. This study concludes that ijmak in the early era of its emergence was not the same ijmak as today. The consensus in the past—in the era of Caliph Abu Bakr—with today's consensus even seems to have a diametrical difference. Ijmak used to be democratic (all people were allowed to agree), open to criticism, flexible in change. Meanwhile, today ijmak is the authority of the mujtahid, closed to criticism, and rigid. Even opposing a valid consensus is considered a form of kufr. In the Indonesian context, ijmak is synonymous with local wisdom that develops in the community. One example: polygamy is taboo for Indonesian people, although according to Islamic law and state law it is not prohibited.
Keywords: al-Razi, ijmak, historical
Referensi
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##plugins.generic.dates.accepted## 2023-06-13
##plugins.generic.dates.published## 2023-06-13
